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Potential advantages in combining smart and green infrastructure over silo approaches for future cities

Yamuna KALUARACHCHI

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第1期页码 98-108 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0136-y

摘要： Cities are incorporating smart and green infrastructure components in their urban design policies, adapting existing and new infrastructure systems to integrate technological advances to mitigate extreme weather due to climate change. Research has illustrated that smart green infrastructure (SGI) provides not only climate change resilience but also many health and wellbeing benefits that improve the quality of life of citizens. With the growing demand for smart technology, a series of problems and challenges, including governance, privacy, and security, must be addressed. This paper explores the potential to transition from grey, green, or smart silos to work with nature-based solutions and smart technology to help change cities to achieve considerable environmental and socio-economic benefits. The concepts of grey, green, and smart infrastructure are presented, and the needs, benefits, and applications are investigated. Moreover, the advantages of using integrated smart, green nature-based solutions are discussed. A comprehensive literature review is undertaken with keyword searches, including journal papers, stakeholder and case study reports, and local authority action plans. The methodology adopts multimethod qualitative information review, including literature, case studies, expert interviews, and documentary analysis. Published data and information are analysed to capture the key concepts in implementing SGI systems, such as storm-water control, flood and coastal defense, urban waste management, transportation, recreation, and asset management. The paper investigates the elimination of silo approaches and the alleviation of the destructions caused by extreme weather events using these interdependent SGI systems supported by novel data-driven platforms to provide nature-based solutions to boost the health and wellbeing of the residents.

关键词： grey infrastructure green infrastructure smart infrastructure smart and green combined infrastructure smart cities future cities

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Digital technology-driven smart society governance mechanism and practice exploration

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第2期页码 319-338 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0200-x

摘要： A smart society is an advanced form of society following agricultural society, industrial society, and information society, with digital data processing system as its main carrier. However, the governance of a smart society still faces many challenges. In view of this problem, first, this research constructs a smart society governance modernization strategy. Second, the innovation mode of a society governance mechanism driven by digital technology is proposed, including the precise intellectual control of a digital twin, the intelligent ubiquitous sensing of the Internet of Things, the empowerment remodeling of a blockchain and the livelihood service of artificial intelligence. Third, this study systematically explores the practice of smart society governance modernization from the aspects of basic information platform construction, evaluation system construction, application demonstration of epidemic prevention and control driven by big data, support of spatial intelligence and artificial intelligence technology for people’s livelihood, smart campus, public resources, and data governance application demonstration to provide theoretical guidance for promoting digital technology innovation in the process of the governance of a smart society.

关键词： digital technology new infrastructure smart society governance system governance modernization

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System resilience enhancement: Smart grid and beyond

Gang HUANG, Jianhui WANG, Chen CHEN, Chuangxin GUO, Bingquan ZHU

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第3期页码 271-282 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017030

摘要： Boosting the resilience of power systems is a core requirement of smart grids. In fact, resilience enhancement is crucial to all critical infrastructure systems. In this study, we review the current research on system resilience enhancement within and beyond smart grids. In addition, we elaborate on resilience definition and resilience quantification and discuss several challenges and opportunities for system resilience enhancement. This study aims to deepen our understanding of the concept of resilience and develop a wide perspective on enhancing the system resilience for critical infrastructures.

关键词： critical infrastructure cyber-physical systems energy systems resilience smart grid

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Finance infrastructure through blockchain-based tokenization

Yifeng TIAN, Zheng LU, Peter ADRIAENS, R. Edward MINCHIN, Alastair CAITHNESS, Junghoon WOO

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第4期页码 485-499 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0140-2

摘要： The infrastructure finance gap has long-standing implications for economic and social development. Owing to low efficiency, high transaction costs, and long transaction time, conventional infrastructure financing instruments are considered to be major contributors to the increasing mismatch between the need for infrastructure development and available financing. Implemented through smart contracts, blockchain tokenization has shown characteristics that are poised to change the capital stack of infrastructure investment. This study analyzed the first SEC-compliant energy asset security token, ZiyenCoin, from the perspective of the key participants, relevant regulations, and token offering procedures. Results show that tokenization can improve infrastructure assets liquidity, transaction efficiency, and transparency across intermediaries. Conventional infrastructure financing instruments were compared with blockchain tokenization by reviewing the literature on infrastructure finance. The benefits and barriers of tokenizing infrastructure assets were thoroughly discussed to devise ways of improving infrastructure financing. The study also found that the potential of tokenization has not yet been fully realized because of the limited technical infrastructures, regulation uncertainties, volatilities in the token market, and absence of the public sector. This study contributes to the present understanding of how blockchain technology can be implemented in infrastructure finance and the role of tokenization in the structure of public–private partnership and project finance.

关键词： infrastructure asset blockchain tokenization security token offering smart contract public–private partnership project finance

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基于 4S 融合的新一代智能汽车创新发展战略研究

刘宗巍,宋昊坤,郝瀚,赵福全

《中国工程科学》 2021年第23卷第3期页码 153-162 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.03.019

摘要：

基于智能汽车与智能交通、智慧城市、智慧能源融合（ 4S 融合）的新一代智能汽车，是可灵活移动的智能网联终端，可充分打通城市的人流、物流、能源流、信息流，战略价值远超传统汽车。本文旨在阐明基于 4S 融合的新一代智能汽车的重要价值，论证产业创新发展的技术路径，构建新型技术体系并完成关键技术分析。研究表明，基于 4S 融合的新一代智能汽车是对智能汽车在价值、功能、技术等方面的全面升级，我国应当选择车路协同的智能汽车技术路径，把握战略机遇、实现创新引领；基于 4S 融合的新一代智能汽车技术体系应促进汽车自动化水平与网联化水平同步进步，全面提升大数据、云计算、信息通信等共性基础技术以及车、路、云等核心关键技术。研究提出了顶层设计、产业融合、技术创新、落地应用等方面的措施建议，以期为我国智能汽车产业长远发展提供理论参考。

关键词：新一代智能汽车智能交通智慧城市智慧能源 4S 融合车路协同

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农业大数据与信息化基础设施发展战略研究

孙九林,李灯华,许世卫,吴文斌,杨雅萍

《中国工程科学》 2021年第23卷第4期页码 10-18 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.04.002

摘要：

农业大数据与信息化基础设施是发展现代农业的重要基础、新时期农业增长新的要素、建设智慧农业的根本前提，起着桥梁和基石的重要作用。本文基于智慧农业发展战略需求与挑战，系统分析了我国农业大数据与信息化基础设施的发展现状、存在问题，总结了国内外相关政策、行动计划和经验做法，研究提出了 2025、 2035 年、 2050 年发展农业大数据与农业信息化基础设施的战略目标和发展思路，绘制了未来发展技术路线图。研究提出，推进农业全产业链大数据发展，科学规范农业大数据体系建设，建设一体化的数据开放共享机制；突破农业大数据关键共性技术，深化农业大数据应用；建设农业大数据产业基地，打造农业大数据的应用生态集群；统筹城乡资源，建设城乡一体的信息化基础设施，构建万物互联、人机交互、天空地海一体化的农业农村网络空间。为此建议，强化总体布局，加强农村网络基础设施建设和数字化改造，加强芯片、模型组件、基础信息系统等底盘性基础研发；加大核心技术攻关投入，突破农业大数据获取、分析、服务关键核心共性的卡脖子技术；加强体制机制协同创新，打通农业数据纵横双向通道标准化和一体化共享；强化高水平信息化人才队伍建设，为加快实现智慧农业强国提供基础支撑。

关键词：农业大数据，信息化基础设施，技术路线，智慧农业

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Sustainable Program Quality Management of International Infrastructure Construction

Steve Hsueh-Ming Wang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第3期页码 239-245 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016047

摘要： Management of the program quality for international infrastructure construction projects is complicated. Sustainability of these programs is the key for them to succeed in their lifecycles. This paper investigated current program quality management and compared it with the results of recent surveys of KGMP. A method for the sustainable program quality management of the international infrastructure construction management is proposed and demonstrated by research projects. The cycle of accountability, predictability, balance ability, and policy was proposed. The findings from the KGMP’s survey and this research show that the trend of the sustainable program quality management of the international infrastructure construction is transferring from agility to alacrity in the balancing of the metrics among economy, ecology, culture, and politics.

关键词： sustainability program infrastructure

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装备与信息协同促进现代智慧农业发展研究

韩佳伟,朱文颖,张博,赵春江,杨信廷

《中国工程科学》 2022年第24卷第1期页码 55-63 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.01.007

摘要：

农业机械装备是现代农业发展的物质基础、农业机械化发展的重要标志，新一代信息技术驱动农业机械装备智能化转型升级；基于装备与信息技术协同的智慧农业成为现代农业发展的新趋势，对提高农业生产效率、推动农业机械优质高效发展具有积极意义。本文对比分析了国内外智慧农业的研究现状，梳理了我国农业机械装备、农业信息技术的研究进展与趋势；在剖析我国现代智慧农业发展需求并前瞻发展价值的基础上，提出重点工程发展建议：农业生态系统监测网络新基建工程、国家农业大数据中心及运行机制构建工程、智能农机装备研发应用工程、农业信息服务示范工程、果蔬商品化处理智能感控技术与装备研发示范工程。研究认为，立足国情加大农业科技创新投入并优化结构、建立农业“产学研”创新联盟、完善农业科技创新激励政策，可为引导现代智慧农业发展提供坚实保障。

关键词：农业装备农业信息化农业信息服务智能农机新基建

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Silk Roads for the 21st Century: Engineering Mega-Infrastructure for Development and Sustainability

Tony Marjoram

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第3期页码 187-196 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016038

摘要： Infrastructure facilitates the movement of people, the production and distribution of goods and services, and underpins development. Infrastructure is expensive and long-lasting, and needs long-term policy, planning and management, in terms of design, construction, operation and maintenance. Infrastructure relates particularly to engineering and technology. All technological change brings economic, social, cultural and environmental change, planned and unpredicted. Mega levels of technology bring mega levels of change, effects and impacts. Mega infrastructure such as the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, the “One Belt, One Road” (OBOR) initiative, announced by President Xi Jinping in 2013, will require equally mega policy, planning and management. This paper will discuss policy, planning and management issues relating to mega infrastructure and the OBOR initiative, with particular reference to energy, communications, transportation, health, emergency preparedness and response, and less predictable areas of change, for example in disease prevention and control, within the overall need for economic, environmental and ecological sustainability. The paper will discuss associated needs for education, training and capacity building in engineering. The paper will also refer to lessons learnt from the original Silk Road in the context of the development of civilizations and intercultural dialogue through the transfer of goods, services, technologies, ideas, knowledge, customs, cultures and philosophies, less predictable and unwanted transfers, for example of disease, and the need for awareness, policy, planning and management of such wider issues.

关键词： infrastructure growth development sustainability change new Silk Roads

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高性能多功能水泥基复合材料 Article

Victor C. Li

《工程（英文）》 2019年第5卷第2期页码 250-260 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.11.031

摘要：

混凝土是一种不断发展的材料，甚至高性能混凝土的定义也正随着时间的推移而发生变化。本文所说的混凝土材料的高性能特性是指那些直接影响我们生活质量的民用基础设施的理想耐久性、回弹性和可持续性的特性。这些特性包括拉伸延展性、自体裂缝宽度控制和材料的“绿色”环保性。此外，智能功能应旨在通过响应结构周围环境的变化来提高基础设施的耐久性、回弹性和可持续性以实现其理想功能，从而使材料的行为方式更类似于某些生物材料。本文基于工程水泥基复合材料（ECC）的最新研究进展，提出可以设计出具有高性能兼智能多功能性的混凝土材料，并且其具有满足 21 世纪民用基础设施预期需求的潜力。本文重点介绍了 ECC 的相关特性以及未来研究的方向。

关键词：高性能混凝土多功能智能水泥基复合材料耐久性回弹性可持续性基础设施

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Fire hazard in transportation infrastructure: Review, assessment, and mitigation strategies

Venkatesh KODUR, M. Z. NASER

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第1期页码 46-60 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0676-6

摘要： This paper reviews the fire problem in critical transportation infrastructures such as bridges and tunnels. The magnitude of the fire problem is illustrated, and the recent increase in fire problems in bridges and tunnels is highlighted. Recent research undertaken to address fire problems in transportation structures is reviewed, as well as critical factors governing the performance of those structures. Furthermore, key strategies recommended for mitigating fire hazards in bridges and tunnels are presented, and their applicability to practical situations is demonstrated through a practical case study. Furthermore, research needs and emerging trends for enhancing the “state-of-the-art” in this area are discussed.

关键词： fire hazard bridges tunnels fire resistance mitigation strategies transportation infrastructure

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Financing climate-resilient infrastructure: Determining risk, reward, and return on investment

Peter B. MEYER, Reimund SCHWARZE

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第1期页码 117-127 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0009-4

摘要：

Urban infrastructure investment is needed for both, mitigation of climate risks and improved urban resiliency. Financing them requires the translation of those benefits into measurable returns on investment in the context of emerging risks that capital markets can understand and appreciate. This paper develops a generic framework to identify what are the necessary and sufficient factors to economically favor climate-change resilient infrastructure in private investment decisions. We specifically demonstrate that carbon pricing alone will not generate the needed will, because market prices at present systematically fail to account for climate change risks such as the costs of stranded assets and the national and local co-benefits of investments in climate resiliency. Carbon pricing is necessary, but not sufficient for an enhanced private financing of climate-resilient infrastructure. The Paris Agreement and other supra-local policies and actors including city networks can concretely help to generate the sufficient social and political will for investments into climate change mitigation and resiliency at the city level.

关键词： infrastructure urban finance climate low carbon economy

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Social responsibility in infrastructure mega-projects: A case study of ecological compensation for

Zheming LIU, Liangyan WANG, Zhaohan SHENG, Xinglin GAO

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第1期页码 98-108 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018084

摘要： Ecological compensation plays an important role in implementing the social responsibility of infrastructure mega-projects. Based on the results of a field study, an in-depth interview, and archive data, this paper introduces the ecological compensation for (the Indo-Pacific humpbacked dolphin) during the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge. It studies the concrete measures, decision-making processes, and organizational collaboration of the ecological compensation, using the method of a case study. The present study not only enriches our understanding of the ecological compensation practice during the construction of infrastructure mega-projects, but also extends the literature on the social responsibility of infrastructure mega-projects. This sheds light on the protection of the environment as well as biodiversity in the construction of future infrastructure mega-projects.

关键词： infrastructure mega-projects social responsibility ecological compensation Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge Sousa chinensis

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能源大数据技术的应用与发展

蔡泽祥,李立浧,刘平,徐敏,陈泽兴,张勇军,韩永霞,许爱东

《中国工程科学》 2018年第20卷第2期页码 72-78 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.02.011

摘要：

能源大数据技术作为“互联网+”智慧能源的重要组成部分，对推动我国能源革命、促进能源转型以及刺激能源行业创新发展具有重大作用。本文以“互联网+”智慧能源为背景，阐述了能源大数据技术的结构形态与关键特征；立足于大数据在我国新时代下能源行业发展的重要支撑意义，探讨了能源大数据技术的主要应用领域，重点讨论了目前实现能源大数据的主要制约因素；最后提出了几点发展对策，力求助力我国能源大数据的建设与完善，推动“互联网+”智慧能源的深度发展。

关键词：能源大数据互联网+ 智慧能源信息通信设施能源产业